Types of Muscles
Skeletal muscle
...is part of the physiology of the muscular system. The purpose of
this type of muscle is to move bones. It is attached to bone with various types
of attachments: tendons, origins, insertions, flexors, and extensors.
Tendons are a form of connective tissue that attach muscle to bone.
An origin is a muscle attached to a stationary bone. For example, the latissmus dorsi muscle is attached to the torso. That point is the origin.
An insertion is a point where the muscle attaches to bone. The insertion of the latissmus dorsi is an arm.
The flexor is the muscle that decreases the angle between bones. For example, the bicep decreases the distance between the humerus and radius.
An extensor increases the distance between two bones. While the bicep decreases the distance between the humerus and radius, the tricep (on the opposite side of the tricep) increases the distance between those two bones.
Within skeletal muscles, there are myofibrils (rod units that are constructed of protein), actin (protein fiber that cause contraction), mosin (protein fibers to pull actin), and sarcomeres (long fibrous proteins).
...is part of the physiology of the muscular system. The purpose of
this type of muscle is to move bones. It is attached to bone with various types
of attachments: tendons, origins, insertions, flexors, and extensors.
Tendons are a form of connective tissue that attach muscle to bone.
An origin is a muscle attached to a stationary bone. For example, the latissmus dorsi muscle is attached to the torso. That point is the origin.
An insertion is a point where the muscle attaches to bone. The insertion of the latissmus dorsi is an arm.
The flexor is the muscle that decreases the angle between bones. For example, the bicep decreases the distance between the humerus and radius.
An extensor increases the distance between two bones. While the bicep decreases the distance between the humerus and radius, the tricep (on the opposite side of the tricep) increases the distance between those two bones.
Within skeletal muscles, there are myofibrils (rod units that are constructed of protein), actin (protein fiber that cause contraction), mosin (protein fibers to pull actin), and sarcomeres (long fibrous proteins).
All of these combine to cause contractions, or generations of tensions with motor neurons. The sliding filament theory explains how muslces produce force. The process is as follows: calcium is released, myosin binds to actin, ATP is bound to a cross bridge,
hydrolysis of ATP is led to re-energizing of the cross bridge, and calcium moves back into the bones.
(See images below)
Smooth Muscle
...is the second type of muscle. It makes up all of the internal organs in the body. Smooth muscle controls involuntary movements that aid in homeostasis. For example, it helps contract the arteries to squeeze blood throughout the cardiovascular system. It is composed of smooth, long muscular fibers.
(See images below)
...is the second type of muscle. It makes up all of the internal organs in the body. Smooth muscle controls involuntary movements that aid in homeostasis. For example, it helps contract the arteries to squeeze blood throughout the cardiovascular system. It is composed of smooth, long muscular fibers.
(See images below)
Cardiac Muscle
...is the last type of muscle. The only location of cardiac muscle is within the heart. It is specialized to aid in keeping the heart beating. It causes involuntary reactions that cause contraction of muscles. This is a type of intrinsic contraction because it doesn't require nerve impuses. It is striped and usually has twice as many nuclei as other muscle types.
(See images below)
...is the last type of muscle. The only location of cardiac muscle is within the heart. It is specialized to aid in keeping the heart beating. It causes involuntary reactions that cause contraction of muscles. This is a type of intrinsic contraction because it doesn't require nerve impuses. It is striped and usually has twice as many nuclei as other muscle types.
(See images below)